John Brown

John Brown was an American abolitionist. He was an anti-slave and wanted to end all slavery.In 1856 he led the Potawatomie Massacre in Kansas which was then called 'Bleeding Kansas'.

Abraham Lincoln said the John Brown was a "misguided fanatic" from that people called him "the most controversial of all 19th-century Americans".
Brown was someone that demanded violent action to fight for no slavery. While other Northerners wanted to peaceful resistance.

John Brown had a major role in the starting of the Civil War. He became known to be heroic martyr and a visionary. Sometimes he was thought to be a madman and a terrorist.

Information source: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Brown_(abolitionist)
Image source: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/0/07/John_brown_abo.jpg

Uncle Tom's Cabin

Uncle Tom's Cabin is a anti-slave novel. This novel was written by Harriet Beecher Stowe. This book was published in 1852.
This novel gives a slaves perspective of life and how they are being treated. It shows how hard they work and how hard it is to live a life.
The main character of this novel is Uncle Tom and he is a slave.
This book was the best selling book in the 19th century. It was the best selling book after the Bible.

When Lincoln meets Stowe before the civil war starts he says "So this is the little lady who made this big war."

Image source: http://home.comcast.net/~DiazStudents/CivilSlaveryUncleTomCabin.jpg
Information source: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uncle_Tom%27s_Cabin

The terrible effect of war

When war is happening innocent children and women are being killed. These women and children can start migrating but unfortunately they might not have enough money or they are stuck. These innocent people are being killed while they haven't done anything wrong.
Many natural environments such as farms are being burned and destroyed. War also creates a human migration so the population changes. If the population decreases not many people are going to have a job in that certain place and so the economy is going to decrease. Population doesn't only change because the population is scared of the war but also because they are being killed. Wars happen to kill not only human population but animal population too. This decrease of population can create an extinction of an animal kind.

Image source: http://www.uruknet.info/pic.php?f=100.000morti30ott.jpeg

Slaves and their lives

Slaves were not sold as families but sent separately to different owners. Children were sometimes sent away from their mother, brother, father, alone to a place they don't know at all. This must be the case to prevent the slaves to plan an escape and to not know where they are. This would be an advantage for the slave owners.
The black were not allowed to receive education. one reason would be because they were thought as people not smart (dumb). Another reason would be because they could outsmart their owners and so escape easily.
Free slaves were not always free. They would sometimes be captured and put as slaves again. Unfortunately they were never really free.
Slaves would slow work habits, break tools, or steal food to be able to mess up the owners plantation and wealth.
Uncle Toms Cabin is a book written by Harriet Beeder Stowe. This book describe what a slave's life was like. How miserable and painful the work would be. The unfairness the slaves were facing everyday. This book scorned about slave owners too. People started reading this book (many people did). Some slave owners would say that the slaves they owned would live happily with them that they were treated equally. Wore the same things, ate the same food, treated the same way and etc. (nothing proved that this was the case for slaves).

Northern and Southern advantages and disadvantages...

Northern:
Since they created factories and many industries. Those industries would create manufactured materials such as sewing machines. People that did not own farms,so they looked for work. They went to work in factories and so the northern economy raised and its population raised too.Did not accept slavery, they thought people should be freeman.
Northern did not want annexation (for the same reasons) they did not want slave states to increase. South thought that the great and primary cause of the crisis would be that the North now had the exclusive power of controlling the Government because of north's large population (more voting more seats in the house).

Southern:
They had a better soil so a fertile land and crops were easier to grow.
Dependent on slavery because they have so much work and were used to have slaves that help them. Meaning that if slaves were illegal they would have problems growing their crops and the economy would shoot down. Southern and Democrats wanted the annexation because it would increase the number of slave states.

Who are some of the people who fought and worked hard for freedom?

Frederick Douglass was a black leader who presented the case to the public for freeing the slaves. He had a newspaper (his newspaper) called 'The North Star'.
Harriet Tubman born into slavery and she escpaped to become a fighter and fight for abolition and women's suffrage. She worked to help freedom so much and work so hard on the underground railroad that she became known as 'The Moses of Her People'.
William Lloyd Garrison is one of the most influential abolitionist leaders during the American Civil War. He argued for a freedom for people which were held in slavery.
These people all helped to fight against slavery. They all supported freedom and work hard for it to happen.

Information source: http://www.mahalo.com/frederick-douglass,
http://www.mahalo.com/harriet-tubman,
http://www.mahalo.com/william-lloyd-garrison

Did it relate to the Civil War?

The compromise of 1850, Kansas-Nebraska Act, and the Presidential Election of 1860 were important events in history. These events were sort of steps to the Civil War.
These events were surrounding the idea of slavery, to have salves or not. People, meaning the Southern and Northern opposed each other which created a conflicted between the two. This conflict rose higher and higher until it reached a point that war started.

Presidential Election of 1860

Presidential Election of 1860 was focused on slavery. Battles happened over the spread of slavery to new territories such as Kansas. Abraham Lincoln who had given up on politics after an term in Congress in 1840s, returned to the politics arena. He started attacking the legislation and specifically its author, Senator Stephan A. Douglas.
Lincoln opposed Douglas when he ran for the reelection in 1858. Douglas and Lincoln had many debates which were mentioned in newspapers around the country.
Lincoln was invited to make a speech denouncing slavery and its spread. The speech was a success.
The presidential was held on November 6, 1860. Lincoln did well in the Northern States but he garnered less than 40 percent of the population vote. Lincoln won the landslide victory in the electoral college.
Lincoln did not carry any Southern states.
This election was important because this election was the most momentous in America. There were rumors of assassination before Lincoln got to the White House. He split the South with the Union. March 4, 1861 it was obvious that the nation was going to have war. The Civil War happened the next month.

Information source: http://history1800s.about.com/od/presidentialcampaigns/a/1860election.htm
Image source: http://freeasia34.files.wordpress.com/2009/09/abraham_lincoln.jpg

Kansas.... free state??

The Kansas-Nebraska Act created in the U.S on May 30, 1854. This Act made it possible for people that lived in those territories to decided whether or not to allow slavery.
After this Act was passed pro-slavery and anti-slavery supporter went all to settle Kansas to make a deference in the outcome of the first election held there. Pro-slavery carried the election but they also were charged with fraud by the anti-slavery supporters/settlers and they did not accept the result of the election.
The anti-slavery settlers made another election, but the pro-slavery settler did not want to vote. Violence erupted because of the two opposing legislatures in the territories of Kansas. This violence erupted with the anti-slavery settlers which were lead by John Brown.
The territory soon got a nickname which was "bleeding Kansas".
Franklin Pierce who was supported by the pro-slavery settlers sent Federal troops to stop the violence and to disperse the anti-slavery legislature.
Then another election was done and the pro-slavery settlers won again, but they were charged again of fraud.
Finally Kansas was not allowed to become a state.
Anti-slavery settlers outnumbered pro-slavery settlers and a new constitution was drawn up.
January 29, 1861 (before the civil war) Kansas was admitted to the Union as a free state.

Image source: http://images.absoluteastronomy.com/images/encyclopediaimages/u/us/us1854.jpg
Information source: http://www.historyplace.com/lincoln/kansas.htm

The Compromise of 1850

Henry Clay a U.S senator resolved a debate in 1820 about the spread of slavery. The U.S gained territory after the war they had with Mexico and they had to decide if those lands were going to be free or would those lands allow slavery, or the people living in those lands would chose themselves.
Clay, Daniel Webster (Senator from Massachusetts), and John C. Calhoun (senator from South Carolina) debated the idea of keeping slavery or not, debate the compromise. Stephan Douglas a democrate help by making a series bills that made up the compromise ushered through congress.
Texas would reliquich the land but in exchange they would give them $10 million (they'll use that money to pay the debts of Mexico).
The Fugitive Slave Act was the most contraversial. It says that citizens must assist to the recovery of fugitive slaves. Fugitives were not allowed to have a juge trial. Slaves who tried to make a living in the North was impossible and chaos with this act. Many slaves left and went to Canada. Colored people started moving in neighboring countries and people would capture black (colored) people and send them to the South. Those captured people had no right and so they were not able to defend themselves.
The Compromise of 1850 helped unite, it united the nations. Unfortunatly time passed by and people divided, this united the nations only for a while.

Information source: http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/aia/part4/4p2951.html
Image source: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/1b/Slave_kidnap_post_1851_boston.jpg

Morocco and its Economy

During the 1980s, early 21 century Morocco has faced problems of a developing country (reducing the constraints of private activities and trade, sustainable economy growth). There has also been some droughts in the agriculture sector. Which made it harder for growing crops. This drought contributed in a slowdown of economy in 1999.
Morocco predicted in the year 2000 there will be a growth of 6% because of the rainfalls which happened. Morocco then faced some challenges, some of those challenges were to improve education and attract foreign investments.

Information source: http://www.maroc-insight.com/economy.htm
Image source: http://wwwdelivery.superstock.com/WI/223/1320/PreviewComp/SuperStock_1320R-100010.jpg

What could be non-negotiable?

Some things could be negotiable and other just can't and these are two examples of how some things can't be negotiable.

1 non-negotiable thing would be the way Islam and Christianity have different thoughts about if it is possible to eat pork or not. This can not be negotiable because no one can question their religion it just isn't negotiable.
Another non-negotiable thing would be if someone rapes someone else, there is no reason for doing such a thing and so it is not negotiable.

Image source: http://www.humanrightsinitiative.org/chrinews/ghana_news/foi_is_non_negotiable.jpg

My opinion on why should one migrate.

Done as a inclass discussion:
I would migrate to Europe to have a good education (finish my studies) and also because of the clean enviroment, which is something important after all.
When i finish my university studies i would stay in Morocco because my religion is welcome in this country. My family my friends are going to be there too and i will enjoy seeing them again. Another important fact which many people think of living in Morocco because of this, is that in Morocco things aren't as expensive as in many other countries.

Not inclass discussion:
Some reasons i think people would mirate would be for more land. Land is an important human facture which represents a need for more space. People would migrate to get a fertile soil and again the human factures are involved soil, water (oceans, seas, etc!;), air (people might be sick or allergic to something in the air which might cause them to leave and migrate, or simply because of pollution).
If we think politically, some people might disagree with some laws and would migrate to find some laws which they can follow freely and accept.
And if we look at it socially, maybe poeple aren't repectful or don't welcome you or do things apart and you don't enjoy maybe you want to migrate and find people that aren't all those things.

Image source: http://lewebpedagogique.com/tirdelmigr/files/2009/01/migration1.jpg

The Different Kinds of Political Parties.

There are many different kinds of political parties in Morocco and some of them are:

Independence Party: There are nationalists views which were thought of or held strongly the Istiqlal was the main political force which was struggling for the independence of Morocco. If a specific territory which first belonged to Morocco was given back the independence won't be complete. This kind of political party may be chosen by any kind of people because the land of Morocco belongs to everyone in Morocco not only the rich or only the poor. People that live in Morocco will all fight for their country.

Socialist Union of Popular Forces: This political party was more social international and this meant poor people supported this political party more than any other class in the other social classes.

National Rally of Independents: This political party reseaved 41 out of 325 seats.

Socialist Union of Popular Forces: This politcal party was made as a breakaway for the UNFP. This party was later split into Istiqlal party.

Information Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Socialist_Union_of_Popular_Forces